9.9 Biochemistry

Photosynthesis and the Web: 2005 - photosynthesis-related web sites grouped into several categories: 1) large group sites, 2) comprehensive overview sites, 3) specific subject sites, 4) individual researcher sites, 5) kindergarten (K)-12 educational sites, 6) books and journals, and, 7) other useful sites. - from Arizona State University
http://photoscience.la.asu.edu/photosyn/photoweb/default.html

Milestones in Photosynthesis Research - Govindjee - a 32 page .pdf document
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/2000_Govindjee_Milestones1.pdf

Introduction to Photosynthesis - from Massachusetts Institute of Technology
http://www.mit.edu:8001/afs/athena/course/other/esgbio/www/ps/intro.html

THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROCESS - from the Photosynthesis Research Unit, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, includes history of photosynthesis
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/paper/gov.html

Photosynthesis and the Web: 2002 - from the Photosynthesis Research Unit, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/govindjee/photoweb/

Lecture#14 Photosynthesis - includes history, from California State University, Long Beach
http://www.csulb.edu/~bruss/courses/biol447_547/MPPlect14.htm

A Primer on Photosynthesis and the Functioning of Cells - from the University of Michigan, Global Change I
http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/energyflow/PSN_primer.html

The Nutrient requirements of Cells - from Kimball's Biology Pages
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/M/Media.html

PHOTOSYNTHESIS - from the On-line Biology Book, Estrella Mountain Community College
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPS.html

Photosynthesis Tutorial and General Photosynthesis - simple tutorials available free to download for either Mac or Windows from James Whitcomb Riley High School
http://sjcpl.lib.in.us/rhshomepage/Downloads/Download1.html

Photosynthesis Study Guide - from Modern Biology textbook site
http://go.hrw.com/hrw.nd/gohrw_rls1/pKeywordResults?HM2%20CH06

Office of Fuels Development FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies (FCVT) Program
http://www.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/

Biodiesel

Alternative Fuels - biodiesel, from Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/altfuel/biodiesel.html

Just the basics: Biodiesel - downloadable .pdf from the Office of Transportation Technologies
http://www.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/basics/jtb_biodiesel.pdf

Biodiesel Fact Sheet - from Biodiesel Association of Australia - more of an essay than a fact sheet
http://www.biodiesel.org.au/biodieselfacts.htm/

Carbon currency – the credits and debits of carbon emissions trading - from Australian Academy of Sciences
http://www.science.org.au/nova/054/054key.htm

Solar to Fuel - a paper from the Berkeley National Laboratory, downloadable in pdf
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2005/May/01-solar-to-fuel.html

Plant oils give petroleum a run for the money - form cnn.com.nature
http://www.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/07/18/plant.oils.enn/

Biodegradable Plastics Reading list - from Australian Academy of Sciences
http://www.science.org.au/nova/061/061fur.htm

Biopower - from the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/abcs_biopower.html

Energy Luminaries - from National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/

Bioevolutionary Timeline Activity - from Glenbtook South HS, USA
http://gbs.glenbrook.k12.il.us/Academics/gbssci/bio/apbio/Lab/evotime.htm

Photosynthesis - including the contributions of key botanists, from Botany Online (The Internet Hypertextbook), University of Hamburg
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online//e24/24.htm

Sussman Lecture - by Charles Yocum, 1999, author of Life, Light and Photosynthesis: How Plants Make Oxygen
http://www.biology.lsa.umich.edu/people/faculty/Yocum/Yocum/CPROFLECT1.htm

Highlights in photosynthesis research - from the Nobel e-Museum
http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/educational/poster/1988/highlights.html

Research into Photosynthesis - from University of California, Berkeley
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss3/photosyn/research.html

Chlorophyll - from Bristol University
http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/chlorophyll/chlorophyll_h.htm

Van Helmont, Jan Baptista

Van Helmont's Experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_3.html

Jan Baptista van Helmont - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/helmont.html

Analyzing van Helmont's Experiment - a student exercise
http://employees.csbsju.edu/ssaupe/biol115/van_helmont.htm

Hales, Stephen

Stephen Hales's Experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_6.html

Stephen Hales - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/hales.html

Hales, Stephen 1671-1761 - from History of Horticulture, the Ohio-State University
http://www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/hort/history/108.html

Priestley, Joseph

Joseph Priestley - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/priestley.html

Joseph Priestley's Experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_7.html

Joseph Priestley's follow-up experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_8.html

Ingen-Housz (Ingenhousz), Jan

Ingen-Housz's Experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_10.html

Ingen-Housz's Results - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_11.html

Jan Ingen-Housz - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/ingen-housz.html

Jan Ingenhousz 1730 - 1799 from Science and Discovery by people, BBC online
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/ingenhousz_jan.shtml

Senebier, Jean

Berthollet and Senebier - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_14.html

Senebier's experiments - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_14experiments.html

Saussure, Nicholas Theodore de Saussure

Plant parts - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_15.html

NICOLAS - THEODORE DE SAUSSURE - from CYBERLIPID CENTER
http://www.cyberlipid.org/perox/saussure.htm

Mayer, Julius Robert von

Mayer, Julius Robert von (1814 - 1878) - from Eric Weisstein's treasure trove of Scientific Biographies
http://www.treasure-troves.com/bios/MayerJulius.html

Blackman, F. F. and Mathgel (Mathei), G. L. C.

Photosynthesis - from Botany Online, Hamburg University, details Blackman and Mathei's findings
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online//e24/24.htm#08a

Frost Blackman's experiment with a link to an Excel spreadsheet of his experimental results, from Clifton College
http://www.scienceatclifton.co.uk/elodea/blackman1.htm

Sachs, Julius von

Sachs, Julius Von 1832-1897 - from History pf Horticulture, the Ohio-State University
http://www.hcs.ohio-state.edu/hort/history/120.html

Julius von Sachs - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/sachs.html

Detecting starch - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_18.html

JULIUS v. SACHS (1832-1897) - from Botany Online, University of Hamburg
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online//e01/sachs.htm

Englemann (Engelmann), T. W.

Theodore Engelmann - from Energy Luminaries, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/luminaries/engelmann.html

The opposite of green - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_20.html

Tswett, Mikhail

Mikhail Tswett (1872-1919) - from Le Moyne College
http://webserver.lemoyne.edu/faculty/giunta/tswett.html

History of Development of Chromatography - from Wiley Publishing
http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/39/35273064/3527306439.pdf

CREATING A CENTRAL SCIENCE: A brief history of "color writing" - chromatography from Today's Chemist at Work
http://pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/tcaw/98/sep/creat.html

Mikhail Tsvet - from Chemistry Daily
http://www.chemistrydaily.com/chemistry/Mikhail_Tsvet

van Neil (van Niel), C. B.

CORNELIS B. VAN NIEL (1897-1985) - from McGraw Hill publishers
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/cellmicro/nester/graphics/nester3ehp/common/vanniel.html

Emerson, R. and Arnold, U.

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis - from Botany On-line, University of Hamburg
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online//e24/24c.htm#15

Gaffron, H. and Wahl (Wohl)

Hill, Robert (aka Robin) and Scarisbrick, R. (a PhD Student of Hill)

The Hill Reaction in Isolated Chloroplasts - Summary and Laboratory procedure
http://www.easternct.edu/personal/faculty/adams/Resources/Lab4%20Hill%20Rx.pdf

ROBERT HILL FRS (1899-1991) - brief memoir by a student
http://www.oxygraphics.co.uk/down.pdf

Kamen, Martin and Ruben, Samuel

Martin Kamen, Who Discovered Carbon-14 Here, Wins Fermi Award
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/Kamen-Fermi-Award.html

Martin David Kamen Papers - from University of California, San Diego
http://orpheus.ucsd.edu/speccoll/testing/html/mss0098d.html

Martin D. Kamen, 1995 - from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
http://www.pnl.gov/fermi/citations/kamen-cit.html

The Graphics: Carbon-14 Anniversary - from University of Wisconsin
http://divched.chem.wisc.edu/news/Fall1996/Misc/Carbon%2014.html

Calvin, Melvin

Nobel Prize Awarded to Nine Berkeley Lab Scientists - from Science Beat at The Berkeley Labs
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/nine-nobel-laureates.html

MELVIN CALVIN - from Nobel e-Museum
http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1961/calvin-bio.html

Melvin Calvin, 1961 Nobelist and UC Berkeley professor, dies at age 85 - from University of California, Berkeley
http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/97legacy/calvin.html

Others

John Woodward's Experiment - from An Energy Primer, National Science Teachers Association
http://www2.nsta.org/Energy/find/primer/primer2_5.html

Why study photosynthesis? - from Arizona State University
http://photoscience.la.asu.edu/photosyn/study.html

An Introduction to Photosynthesis and Its Applications - from Arizona State University
http://photoscience.la.asu.edu/photosyn/education/photointro.html

Johnsons's Photosynthesis Simulation - requires Shockwave - investigate the effect of light intensity and wavelength on Photosynthesis
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/biolink/j_explorations/ch09expl.htm

Photosynthesis Simulation - laboratory activity based on the above simulation
http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/photosynthesis_sim.html

Photosynthetic Pictures Are Worth More Than a Thousand Words - from Access Excellence
http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/AEF/1996/morishita_pictures.html

Lecture #15 The Light Reactions - includes history, from California State University, Long Beach
http://www.csulb.edu/~bruss/courses/biol447_547/MPPlect15.htm

Photosynthesis: The Role of Light - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University
http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/L/LightReactions.html

Photosynthesis - Light Reactions from Old Dominion University
http://www.lions.odu.edu/~knesius/miniunits/epsilon/epsilon11.html

Photosynthesis Problem Set 1 - from The Biology Project, University of Arizona, set of multiple choice questions with detailed feedback
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/photosynthesis_1/photosynthesis_1.html

Photosynthesis Problem Set 2 - from The Biology Project, University of Arizona, set of multiple choice questions with detailed feedback
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/photosynthesis_2/photosynthesis_2.html

Without pigments we're nothing - from University of Arizona
http://pulse.pharmacy.arizona.edu/dawn_new/science/without_pigments.html

Chloroplasts - from Kimball's Biology Pages
http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/C/Chloroplasts.html

What the Heck is a Chloroplast? from Bugs in the News, Kansas University
http://people.ku.edu/~jbrown/chloroplast.html

A Typical Plant Cell - a clickable map of a typical plant cell, from Eastern Connecticut State University
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/Cell.html

PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CHROMATOGRAPHY OF ITS PIGMENTS - from Science Projects
http://www.science-projects.com/APPhotosynth0.htm

An Introduction to Chromatography - from Access Excellence
http://www.accessexcellence.org/LC/SS/chromatography_index.html

Chromatography - from Rensselaer Polytchnic Institute
http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/CHROMO/chromintro.html

Paper Chromatography - from Kimball's Biology pages
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chromatography_paper.html

Chromatography - from Chemistry Daily
http://www.chemistrydaily.com/chemistry/Column_chromatography

Lab 5 Green Plant I - Kean University, scroll down to SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LEAF PIGMENTS
http://samson.kean.edu/~breid/plantlab1/plant_1.html

Calculate Rf of Chloroplast Pigments
http://www.kean.edu/~biology/calcrf.html

Evolving LC: The Life of an Enabling Technology - from American Chemical Society
http://pubs.acs.org/journals/chromatography/chap1.html

Photosynthesis: Pathway of Carbon Fixation - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University
http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/C/CalvinCycle.html

Biosynthesis of Carbohydrates - from The Biology Project, The University of Arizona
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/photosynthesis_2/photosynthesis_2.html

What Are Some properties of Chloroplasts? - a Laboratory procedure from Denver University
http://www.biology.du.edu/sciencelab/chloro.html

The Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis, Assimilation of Carbon Dioxide and The CALVIN Cycle - from Botany Online, University of Hamburg
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online//e24/24a.htm

Photosynthesis Study Guide - for Modern Biology, Holt, Reinhart and Winston
http://go.hrw.com/hrw.nd/gohrw_rls1/pKeywordResults?HM2%20CH06

The Energy Relationships in Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: the Balance Sheet - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University
http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/B/BalanceSheet.html

Energy: Making ATP - a detailed overview from University of Connecticut
http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~bi107vc/sp03/terry/metabolism.html

Adenosine Triphosphate - ATP - from Molecule of the Month, Bristol University
http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Chemistry/MOTM/atp/atp1.htm

Photophosphorylation is Chemisomotic - diagram illustrating Jagendorf and Uribe experiments
http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/IntroBio/jagendorf.html

Peter Mitchell (1920 - 1992) - and the chemiosmotic hypothesis from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/crofts/bioph354/mitchell.html

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 - Walker, Boyer and Skou, from the Nobel e-Museum
http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1997/

Chloroplast - from Cells Alive
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/chloropl.htm

Chloroplasts - from Kimball's Biology Pages
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chloroplasts.html

Chloroplast - Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast

TEM images - Plant cells - from Aberdeen University
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/emunit/emunit/templant/index.htm

Cell Structure and Function - Studyguide as .pdf file -see Question 27
http://mrskingsbioweb.com/Cell%20Structure.pdf

Plant Cell Biology on CD - from ANU
http://www.rsbs.anu.edu.au/profiles/Brian_Gunning/Web%20PCB/Plant_Cell_Biology_on_CD_Home_Page.htm

Pictures of Plastids - from University of Minnesota
http://cbs.umn.edu/class/spring2000/pbio/5414/plastidpics.html

I. Chloroplasts - links to pictures of chloroplasts in a variety of plants - from Google
http://images.google.com.au/images?hl=en&q=chloroplasts&spell=1

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) - from The University of Nebraska
http://www.unl.edu/CMRAcfem/temoptic.htm

Electron Microscope - requires Shockwave, view objects through this simulated electron microscope
http://www.pfizerfunzone.com/funzone/discovery/microscope/

An Introduction to Microscopy - including The History of the Microscope
http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/intro/index.html

Virtual Microscopy - Interactive Java Tutorials, from Molecular Expressions
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/virtual/virtual.html

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