9.4 Chemical Monitoring and Management

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General information	Role of a chemist	Chemical processes in industry
Analysis of manufactured products	Chemicals in the atmosphere	Chemicals in the environment

Environment Matters - a series of Fact Sheets from the NSW Environment Protection Authority including What is Water Quality?, Nutrients in rural waterways, Principal air pollutants
http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/envirom/

Chemical Monitoring and Management - from students in the MTeach program, The University of Sydney, 2000 -a topic plan and sample program
http://alex.edfac.usyd.edu.au/methods/science/studentwork/chemonitoring/monitoring.htm

Case Study: Water Treatment Report - from Cranville Studies
http://www.craville.110mb.com/chemistry/water.htm

REGIONAL TECHNICIANS GROUP Problems and Solutions - Recipes - contains recipes for artifical urine, blood, pH solutions and saliva
http://www.rtg.wa.edu.au/solution/probsoln.htm

Chemistry is (Almost) Everywhere and in Everything - an article in Chemical Education International, dowload in pdf
http://www.iupac.org/publications/cei/vol4/0401x0an2.html

Activities

Chemistry Mysteries - highlights the role played by chemists in solving these real-life cases, from ChemCenter, American Chemical Society
http://www.chemistry.org/portal/Chemistry?PID=acsdisplay.html&DOC=vc2\2my\my2.h tml

Take Two and Call Me a Chemist - from The Dow Chemical Company - a laboratory procedure for Synthesizing and Characterizing Aspirin
http://thechalkboard.com/Corporations/Dow/Programs/NSTA_Lessons/Aspirin.html

Australian universities

Careers in chemistry - from The University of Western Australia
http://www.chem.uwa.edu.au/careers/

Career Pathways in Chemistry - from the Central Coast Campus of the University of Newcastle
http://www.ccc.newcastle.edu.au/science/Chem/careers_chem.html

Careers in Chemistry - from The University of Sydney
http://www.chem.usyd.edu.au/future/careers.html

What is Chemical Engineering? - from The University of New South Wales
http://http://www.ceic.unsw.edu.au/Chemeng/whatisce.htm

Careers In Chemistry - from the University of South Australia - includes Food Technology, Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Biomedical Chemistry and Mineral Processing
http://www.unisa.edu.au/pmbs/career_chem.htm

Career Paths and Prospects (Chemistry) - from the University of Technology, Sydney - includes brief information on Forensic scientist, Organic analytical chemist, Process control chemist, Research chemist, Exploration chemist, Environmental chemist, and an Instrument Specialist
http://www.science.uts.edu.au/careers/chemistry.html

Chemistry as a career - from Curtin University, WA
http://chemistry.curtin.edu.au/courses/career.htm

What does a chemist do? - from Macquarie University - a list of problems that may be addressed by chemists working in a variety of industries
http://www.chem.mq.edu.au/ugrad/careers.htm

What is Chemistry? - from Macquarie University - Brief summary of what are the more usual and some of the more unusual areas of chemistry
http://www.chem.mq.edu.au/ugrad/gen.htm

Overseas universities

Chemistry Virtual Tour - from the New Mexico Highlands University - visuals of a range of chemical laboratory equipment
http://chem.nmhu.edu/vtour.htm

What do Chemical Engineers do - from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers - brief overview of some careers in chemical engineering
http://www.aiche.org/careers/

Career choices for chemical graduates - maintained by Harry E. Pence, Professor of Chemistry, SUNY Oneonta, for the use of his students.
http://employees.oneonta.edu/pencehe/careers.html

Career Opportunities in Chemistry - from Kutztown University, Pennsylvania - list of typical jobs available for chemistry graduates
http://www.kutztown.edu/acad/chem/career/career.htm

What Can I Do With An Undergraduate Degree in Chemistry - from the University of Manitoba - includes sample job titles and areas of employment
http://www.umanitoba.ca/student/counselling/WhatCanIDo/chem.html

Career Opportunities and Employment Outlook - from San Jose University
http://www.chemistry.sjsu.edu/careers.asp

Professional associations

Careers and job center: The Professional Chemist - from the American Chemical Society - includes articles about chemistry careers such as Forensic chemistry and Artistic science (art conservation)
http://www.chemsoc.org/careers/pchome.htm

Chemistry, the vital element for your future - from the American Chemical Society - Download an easy to read foldout booklet that maps where each type of qualification can lead and notes industries that require chemists
http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/vital_element.htm

Catalytic Chemistry - from the American Chemical Society
http://www.chemistry.org/portal/Chemistry?PID=acsdisplay.html&DOC=vc2%5C3wk%5Cw k3_cata.html

Vanessa Ralph - food technologist - From Wisenet - Vanessa describes her work in a dairy food factory
http://www.wisenet-australia.org/profiles/ralph.htm

Dorothy David - Chemist - From Wisenet - Dorothy works as a research assistant in the Chemistry Department of the University of Wollongong
http://www.wisenet-australia.org/profiles/david-d.htm

Quiz a Chemist - from the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, NSW Branch
http://www.chem.unsw.edu.au/raci/Chatchem/chatchem.html

Government authorities

Chemists and Materials Scientists - from the Occupational Outlook Handbook, US Department of Labor
http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos049.htm

Chemical Engineers - from the Occupational Outlook Handbook, US Department of Labor
http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos029.htm

Journals

Chem Matters Magazine - from the American Chemical Society - is an award-winning quarterly magazine for high school chemistry students. Each issue includes articles which reveal chemistry at work in everyday life. Teacher's Guide also available
http://www.chemistry.org/portal/Chemistry?PID=acsdisplay.html&DOC=education\cur riculum\chemmatt.html

Expanding The Scope of Forensic Science - an article in Today's Chemist at Work
http://www.pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/tcaw/00/oct/atkinson.html

Deep-Sea Chemistry - an article in Today's Chemist at Work
http://www.pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/tcaw/00/mar/nuzzio.html

CHEMISTS AS GATEKEEPERS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY - an article in Today's Chemist at Work
http://pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/tcaw/96/dec/chemists.html

Chemical detectives shine a light on the pigmented past. - an article in Today's Chemist at Work
http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/tcaw/12/i01/pdf/0103instruments.pdf

Mass spectrometry helps clinicians diagnose inborn errors and might yield new biomarkers of disease. - an article in Today's Chemist at Work
http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/tcaw/11/i11/pdf/1102instru.pdf

Combating Corrosion - an article from Today's Chemist at Work
http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/journals/tcaw/11/i10/pdf/1002instr.pdf

Other

Petroleum Engineering As a Career... - a guide to petroleum engineering and what it offers
http://www.ozemail.com.au/~tao/petroc.htm

Techniques and Tools

GC/MS Analysis - from Scientific Testimony: an online journal - an online tutorial on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
http://www.scientific.o rg/tutorials/articles/gcms.html

How to Construct a Concept Map - from the University of Delaware - with a link to an example "Proposition: Without the industrial chemical reduction of atmospheric nitrogen, startvation would be rampant in third world countries" - indicating the significance of the Haber Process, requires PowerPoint to open file
http://www.udel.edu/chem/white/teaching/ConceptMap.html

FRITZ HABER: CHEMIST AND PATRIOT - from Woodrow Wilson Leadership Program in Chemistry
http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/chemistry/institutes/1992/Haber.html

Ammonia Synthesis - from University of Idaho
http://www.chem.uidaho.edu/~honors/ammonia.html

The Haber Process - from GCSE Chemistry Site
http://gcsechemistry.com/h.htm

The Haber Process Crossword - an interactive crossword (solve on-line) based on the Haber Process
http://www.creative-chemistry.org.uk/funstuff/xword/haber.htm

Chemical of the Week: Ammonia NH₃ - from Schoolsnet, UK, notes with animations, interactive quizzes and links to pages for worksheets, revision and homework
http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/ammonia/ammonia.html

The Virtual Laboratory - from The irYdium Project at Carnegie Mellon University, this networked laboratory simulation provides an environment in which students can select from hundreds of standard chemical reagants and combine them in any way they see fit - Windows only
http://ir.chem.cmu.edu/irproject/applets/virtuallab/

Examples of Problem Types - to accompany the Virtual Laboratory above
http://ir.chem.cmu.edu/irproject/curriculum/applets/virtuallab/example.asp#equilibrium

HENRI LOUIS LE CHATELIER A Man of Principle - from Woodrow Wilson Leadership Program in Chemistry
h ttp://www.woodrow.org/teachers/chemistry/institutes/1992/LeChatelier.html

Spreadsheets for Kinetics and Equilibrium - from Carlton Comprehensive High School, Canada - includes Excel spreadsheet files to download and investigate these topics - What happens in an Equilibrium?, Equilibrium Calculations with a Spreadsheet and Catalysts and equilbria
http://www.carlton.paschools.pa.sk.ca/chemical/equilibrium/default.htm

Chemical Kinetics Simulation - from Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine - an interactive Java applet that explores equilibrium in reactions,
h ttp://www.chem.uci.edu/education/undergrad_pgm/applets/sim/simulation.htm

Identification of Unknown Ions - from Phoenix College Chemistry Department - a classroom experiment
http://chemlab.pc.maricopa.edu/labbooks/0A.unknownions.html

Coastnet Manual - from CoastNet at Oregon State Umiversity - contains sampling procedures and analysis for nitrates, phosphates, salinity, pH and more, available online or in pdf
http://secchi.hmsc.orst.edu/coastnet/manual/

THE GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SULFATE - from Western Kentucky University - the only major equipment needed for gravimetric analysis is an accurate balance. Sulfate occurs in fertiliser as Gypsum and ammonium sulfate.
http://www.wku.edu/~henrich/sulfate.pdf

Flame Test

Identification Of Metals By Flame Tests - from NASA - procedure for an experiment to identify named cations using the flame test
http://www.nasaexplorers.com/show_912_teacher_st.php?id=030110101641&gl=k4

Flame Test for Metallic Ions II - a dramatic teacher demonstration
http://genchem.chem.wisc.edu/demonstrations/Gen_Chem_Pages/07atomicstructpage/a tomic_structure.htm

Flame Tests for Ions - from Marge Jordan - includes a PowerPoint presentation
http://boyles.sdsmt.edu/flametst/flm.htm

Spectroscopy

Absorption Spectroscopy - from Kansas State Univeristy - an interactive Shockwave demonstration of the atomic absorption spectra of known and unknown gases
http://phys.educ.ksu.edu/vqm/html/absorption.html

Atomic Spectra - from Quantum Zone, Colorado State University
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/quantumzone/lines2.html

Atomic-Absorption Spectroscopy (AA) - from Virginia Tech Chemistry Department
http://www.chemistry.vt.edu/chem-ed/spec/atomic/aa.html

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry - from Virginia Tech Environmental Engineering
h ttp://www.ce.vt.edu/program_areas/environmental/teach/smprimer/aa/aa.html

Spectroscopy: Light and Element Identification - basic flame test and emission spectra exercise for Introductory Chemistry, from Bellevue Community College
http://www.scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/wv/spect/emission-flame-exp.html

Analyse common substances

Determining the Concentration of Citric Acid in a Soft Drink using Acid/Base Titration - from University of Idaho
http://www.chem.uidaho.edu/~chem111/LabMaterials/Titration.pdf

The Earth's Atmosphere -from University of Tennessee - good summary with colour diagrams of layers of the atmosphere
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/earth/atmosphere.html

The NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory - brief coverage of the structure of the atmosphere but links to environmental issues and case studies
http://www.al.noaa.gov/

Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch - from NASA - with links to research area
http://geo.arc.nasa.gov/sgg.html

Urban and Regional Air Pollution - from CSIRO - What are the main pollutants in our air and how do they affect our health? How does air quality in Australia compare with that overseas?
http://www.csiro.au/page.asp?type=faq&id=AirPollutionUrbanAndRegional

Lewis Structures - from Georgia Southern University
http://www2.gasou.edu/chemdept/general/molecule/lewis.htm

Drawing Lewis Structures - from University of California
http://www.uccp.org/docs/Lab%20Facilitator%20Manuals/AP%20Chemistry/Lewis%20Structures.pdf

General rules for drawing Lewis structure - from New York University
http://www.nyu.edu/classes/tuckerman/honors.chem/lectures/lecture_6/node3.html

A Brief Tutorial on Drawing Lewis Dot Structures - from University of California, Los Angeles
http://web.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/lewisdots.html

ALLOTROPES - from the University of Guelph
http://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/summer/scor/articles/scor40.htm

Refrigerants for the 21st Century - a concept map - from ChemCases.com at Kennesaw State University
http://www.chemcases.com/fluoro/index.htm

Environmental effects of ozone depletion:1998 Assessment - from UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME - including Changes in Tropospheric Composition and Air Quality
http://www.gcrio.org/UNEP1998/UNEPtoc.html

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OZONE DEPLETION - from UNITED NATIONS, ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMMEInterim Summary, September, 1997
http://www.gcrio.org/OnLnDoc/unep97summary.html

Ozone Treaties - from the Ozone Secretariat with links to the Montreal Protocol and the London, Copenhagen, Montreal and Beijing Amendments.
http://www.unep.org/ozone/treaties.htm

The 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer - an on-line version of the Protocol with its amendments
http://www.unido.org/userfiles/timminsk/Feature2001-19_UNIDO&MontrealProtocol.pdf

Earth's sunscreen - the ozone layer - from the Australian Academy of Science - an educational activity
http://science.org.au/nova/004/004key.htm

Ozone - from U.S.Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - an excellent resource on ozone and ozone depletion
http://www.oar.noaa.gov/k12/html/ozone.html

Ozone and the Atmosphere - from Atmospheric Chemistry Data & Resources (NASA) - includes links to Formation of the Ozone Layer, Ozone Production and Destruction and Images.
http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/CAMPAIGN_DOCS/ATM_CHEM/ozone_atmosphere.html

Antarctic Resources - from the Centre for Antarctic Studies and Research, University of Canterbury.
http://www.anta.canterbury.ac.nz/frame.htm?resources.html~mainpb

The Antarctic Ozone Hole - from United States Environmental Protection Agency includes animations and composite images.
http://www.epa.gov/ozone/science/hole/

Ozone Science: The Facts Behind the Phaseout - also from United States Environmental Protection Agency.
http://www.epa.gov/docs/ozone/science/sc_fact.html

Stratospheric ozone depletion (Antarctic, Arctic, and global) - from U.S.Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
http://www.al.noaa.gov/WWWHD/pubdocs/StratO3.html

Reports to the Nation on Our Changing Planet: Our Ozone Shield - from U.S.Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
http://www.ogp.noaa.gov/library/rtnf92.htm

The Ozone Hole Tour - from the Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge
http://www.atm.ch.cam.ac.uk/tour/

Welcome to Ozone Protection - from the Environment Quality Division - a division of Environment Australia.
http://www.environment.gov.au/epg/ozone/welcome.htm

The Ozone layer - from University of Southampton, covers Chlorofluorocarbons and alternatives
http://www.soton.ac.uk/~engenvir/environment/air/oz_intro.htm

Ozone Depletion Phenomenon - from Beyond Discovery
http://www.beyonddiscovery.org/beyond/beyonddiscovery.nsf/web/ozone/

Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer/Earth Probe - from NASA
http://pao.gsfc.nasa.gov/gsfc/service/gallery/fact_sheets/earthsci/toms.htm< /P>

Problem-Based Learning at the University of Delaware - see activity "Riverside's Dilemma" and accompanying "Teaching Notes" under Chemistry
http://www.udel.edu/pbl/problems/

Drinking Water: Copper - from University of Nebraska, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources - including Indications of Copper, Potential Health Effects and Testing
http://www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/water/g1360.htm

Drinking Water: Lead - from University of Nebraska, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources - Indications of Lead, Potential Health Effects and Testing
http://www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/water/g1333.htm

Drinking Water: Nitrate-Nitrogen - from University of Nebraska, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources - including Sources of Nitrate in Drinking Water, Indications of Nitrate, Potential Health Effects and Testing
http://www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/water/g1279.htm

Lake Erie Phosphorus and eutrophication - from The Ohio State University - including Effect of phosphorus on Lake Erie from Sea Grant- Select FS-015 Lake Erie phosphorus and eutrophication.
http://www.sg.ohio-state.edu/publications/topics/fts-pollution.html

Forensic Chemistry Lab Exercise: The Case of the Drowned Businessman: Analysis of Phosphate in Water - from Colorado Mountain College - an experimental procedure
http://faculty.coloradomtn.edu/jeschofnig/drowned.htm

Student Activity: Detecting Heavy Metal Ion Concentrations in Shellfish - from Chemistry in the Environment, 1989 Woodrow Wilson Summer Institute
http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/chemistry/1989/49heavy-metal.html

Student Activity: Determination of Phosphates in Natural Waters; - from Chemistry in the Environment, 1989 Woodrow Wilson Summer Institute
http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/chemistry/1989/43phosphates.html

Sydney Catchment Authority
http://www.sca.nsw.gov.au/

Sydney Water
http://www.sydneywater.com.au/

Ensuring the Future - from Sydney Water - a number of resources (pdf format) designed for primary and secondary school, including an comprehensive unit for the Earth and Environmental Science Syllabus
http://www.sydneywater.com.au/EnsuringTheFuture/WaterSchool/

Your Private Drinking Water Supply - a fact sheet - from Public Health Division, Victoria
http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phd/9911054/

Fluoridation of Water Supply and Your Health - a fact sheet - from Public Health Division, Victoria
http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phd/fluoridation/

The Story of Fluoridation - from National Institute of Health
http://www.nidr.nih.gov/health/fluorideStory.asp

Water Fluoridation - from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/oh/fl-home.htm

The ClO₂ Fact Sheet - from ClO₂ Water Treatment Resource Center
http://www.clo2.com/factsheet/factindex.html

Water Treatment with ClO₂ - from ClO₂ Water Treatment Resource Center
http://www.clo2.com/wtupgrade/treatment.html

Why is chlorine in my water? - and other questions about water and its purification - from Plymouth Products, Inc.
http://www.plymouthwater.com/content/Chlorine.asp

Heavy Metals in Sydney Harbour - from an interview on ABC Radio National
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/earth/stories/s17246.htm

Aquatic Eutrophication - from the Environmental Literacy Council, UK
http://www.enviroliteracy.org/article.php/410.html

The LEAD Group Inc. Fact Sheets Index including Lead in Drinking Water in Australia - from The Lead Advisory Service Australia (which aims to eliminate lead poisoning, protect the environment from lead)
http://www.lead.org.au/fs-index.html

Interpreting Drinking Water Quality Analysis: What do the numbers mean? - from Cook College-Rutgers University
http://www.walrus.com/~gatherer/interpret.html

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