9.2 Food Manufacture

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Production and processing	Preservation	Packaging, storage and distribution	Impact of food manufacturing
Quantity and quality control	Why preserve food?	Function of packaging and materials available	Environmental issues
Role of food additives	Causes of food deterioration and spoilage	Current developments in packaging	Social implications
Characteristics of equipment used	Principles behind food preservation	Legislative requirements	Nutritional implications
Production systems	Preservation processes	Storage conditions and distribution	Appropriate use of technology
Quality management

Preservatives and Additives - resources for the Senior Science Options topic compiled by UniServe Science
http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/curric/stage6/snrsci/presadds.html

Food Additives - from Dietitians Association of Australia
http://www.daa.asn.au/index.asp?PageID=2145834393

Food Additives - from Better Health Channel, Victorian Government
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Food_additives?OpenDocument

E number - from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_number

Food additives - from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_additive

Food additives - from Food Standards Australia New Zealand
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/foodmatters/foodadditives.cfm

SQMI Information Sheet 3 - Demystifying HACCP - from Department of Fisheries, Western Australia
http://www.fish.wa.gov.au/docs/pub/SQMIInfo/Sheet03/index.php?0005

An explanantion of HACCP - from Goodman Fielder
http://www.gffoodservice.com.au/Documents/haccp.pdf

Food Safety Enhancement Program HACCP Generic Models - from Canadian Food Inspection Agency
http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/polstrat/haccp/modele.shtml

When bugs have you on the run - from NOVA, Australian Academy of Science
http://www.science.org.au/nova/030/030key.htm

How Food Preservation Works - from How Stuff Works
http://www.howstuffworks.com/food-preservation.htm

Preservation - from British Nutrition Foundation
Preservation

Galleys, Grub and Grog - lesson plan from Flinders 2000, Royal Geographical Society of Queensland
http://www.rgsq.gil.com.au/flgal1C.htm

You are what you eat: Food Preservation - from Auburn University
http://eng.auburn.edu/~wfgale/usda_course/section0_5.htm

5: Food Preservation - from National Institute of Home Schooling
http://www.nos.org/SecHmscicour/english/LESSON_05.pdf

Food preservation - from NOVA, Australian Academy of Science
http://www.science.org.au/nova/030/030box02.htm

Canning

History of Canning - from Del Monte Foods
http://www.delmonte.com/news/cans1/body.htm

ABOUT CANNED FOOD: WHENCE IT CAME:THE HISTORY OF FOOD CANNING - from Food Reference Web Site
http://www.foodreference.com/html/artcanninghistory.html

Short History of Canning - from Paul Noll personal site
http://www.paulnoll.com/Oregon/Canning/canning-story.html

History of Canning - an Australian perspective from Can News
http://www.can-news.com.au/files/library/pdfs/History-can.pdf

How Food is Canned - an Australian perspective from Can News
http://www.can-news.com.au/files/library/pdfs/HowFoodCanned-can.pdf

Health and Nutrition - an Australian perspective from Can News
http://www.can-news.com.au/files/library/pdfs/Health-can.pdf

Quality Assurance and Food Can Safety - an Australian perspective from Can News
http://www.can-news.com.au/files/library/pdfs/Quality-can.pdf

Canned Food - from British Nutrition Foundation
Canned food

USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning - from National Center for Home Food Preservation
http://www.uga.edu/nchfp/publications/publications_usda.html

Chilling

Chilling and Freezing Injury - from US Drug Administration
http://usna.usda.gov/hb66/018chilling.pdf

Frozen foods

About Birds Eye - history of Birdseye and freezing food
http://www.birdseyefoods.com/birdseye/about/history.aspx

Frozen vegetables - from How products are Made
http://www.enotes.com/how-products-encyclopedia/frozen-vegetable

Food Science Australia Fact Sheet: Storage life of foods - fact sheet from CSIRO
http://www.foodscience.csiro.au/storagelife2.htm

Freeze-drying

Freeze-Dried Food - from How products are Made
http://www.enotes.com/how-products-encyclopedia/freeze-dried-food

Lyophilization: Freeze-Drying A Downstream Process - from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/LYO/

What is Lyophilization? - from WiseGeek
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-lyophilization.htm

Lyophilization - from Lyo-San a Canadian company specializing in freeze-drying
http://www.lyo-san.ca/english/lyophilisation.html

Ultra High Temperature Treatment (UHT)

UHT Processing - from University of Guelph
http://www.foodsci.uoguelph.ca/dairyedu/uht.html

Irradiation

Food Irradiation - What is it? - from Food Safety, Iowa State University Extension Program
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/foodsafety/irradiation/

Food Irradiation - from Idaho State University
http://www.physics.isu.edu/radinf/food.htm

Food Irradiation - from Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/foodirradiation.htm

Food irradiation - from Food Standards Australia and New Zealand
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/newsroom/factsheets/factsheets2003/foodirradiationupdat1943.cfm

Food Irradiation - a presentation in pdf form Ranjan Sharma, OzScientific, useful background information, images and data, unfortunately some imperial measurements
http://www.ozscientific.com/Presentations/food%20irradiation%20ranjan%20sharma.pdf

Modified or Controlled Atmosphere

Modified/Controlled Atmosphere - from APL, a transportation company
http://www.apl.com/reefer/html/atmosphere.html

Controlled Atmosphere Storage - from US Drug Administration
http://usna.usda.gov/hb66/013ca.pdf

Modified Atmosphere Packaging - from US Drug Administration
http://usna.usda.gov/hb66/015map.pdf

The Use of Controlled Atmosphere Packaging for extending shelf life of fruit, vegetables and other fresh products - from International Trade Centre
http://www.intracen.org/Tdc/Export%20packaging/PAFA/English/pafa01eng.pdf

Modified Atmosphere Packaging - from International Trade Centre
http://www.intracen.org/Tdc/Export%20packaging/PAFA/English/pafa04eng.pdf

Food Science Australia Fact Sheet: Active Packaging - fact Sheet from CSIRO
http://www.foodscience.csiro.au/actpac.htm

Recent developments in food preservation

Innovative Foods Centre - Innovative Foods Centre, CSIRO
http://www.foodscience.csiro.au/innovfoods.htm

Orange Juice

Orange Juice - from How Products are Made
http://www.enotes.com/how-products-encyclopedia/orange-juice

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